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| Production People Giulio Bonasone (Print made by)  Bonasone, Giulio (di Antonio) b Bologna, c. 1510; d Bologna, after 1576 Raphael (After) Raphael [Santi, Raffaello; Sanzio, Raffaello] b Urbino, 28 March or 6 April 1483; d Rome, 6 April 1520 Title / Description The Rape of Europe Date 1546 Technique engraving, etching Material paper Dimensions 292 x 438 mm (sheet, trimmed close to platemark) Inscriptions Signed, inscribed and dated lower right: 'RAFAEL VRBIN I VINTOR/IVLIO B F MDXLVI'. State first state of two Watermark illegible, h: 63? mm, w: 45 mm Provenance Nikolaus Esterházy (Lugt 1966) References Bartsch XV.142.109 Adam Bartsch, Le peintre-graveur, vols. 21, Vienna 1803-21 Massari 1983, no. 68 (first state of two) Stefania Massari, Giulio Bonasone, exhibition catalogue, 2 vols., Rome, Istituto Nazionale per la Grafica 1983 Cirillo Archer in TIB 1995, 2803.109.S1 (first state of two) Madeline Cirillo Archer, Italian Masters of the Sixteenth Century, The Illustrated Bartsch, vol. 28, Part 1 (Commentary), New York 1995 Comment According to Cirillo Archer in TIB, this is one of Giulio Bonasone's prints for which he used a model that he believed to be by or after Raphael. In this case perhaps only part of the composition had such a source and the engraver expanded the original image. The Neptune group in the left background is based upon the central figure in Raimondi's Quos Ego (Bartsch XIV.264.352). Inventory Number 6424 Classification Prints: Italian: 16th century: Mounted II |
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